Osteoarthritis of hip joint is a disease, which is also called coksartrose and occurs in a person due to a decrease in the amount of synovial fluid emitted in the joint cavity.The consequence is a violation of the nutrition of cartilage and the progressive destruction of joint surfaces.The disease is inherent in a chronic evolution, characterized not by an inflammatory, but by a degenerative change in the tissue of the cartilage and a progressive deformation of the bone tissues.
Treatment of Coksartrose is a long and difficult process, the solution of which is the re -artistologist, choosing the correct treatment scheme.With inappropriate treatment, a deep deformation with depletion of joint structures is possible, the disease progresses quickly and can lead to a handicap and a complete loss of the motor activity of the affected joint.
Symptoms
The timely detection of the disease is an important element for additional subsequent treatment.But at the initial stage of the disease, the symptoms are rare and limited only to local pain, without any obvious sign and external changes (lack of edema, color change and structure).For this reason, in most cases, a person simply does not pay particular attention to the manifestation of these signs, postponing a visit to the doctor and thus allowing the disease to progress slowly and correctly.
There are four degrees of osteoarthritis and at each stage, there are certain symptoms inherent in 1, 2 3 or 4 stages, but there are a certain series of symptoms, during the detection that you should immediately consult a doctor to detect a real disease.These symptoms include:
- Strong thigh pain, groin.The pain is real and adapts after a short rest.
- Morning stiffness of the joints.A distinctive characteristic of joint diseases manifests itself mainly in the morning, after a long vacation.It is characterized by the limitation of the mobility of the member, of rigidity, of unpleasant sensations.Usually, it is necessary about an hour after waking up to disappear from the symptoms.
- A crunch in the joint, hung sounds while walking.
- Change the process, the appearance of lameness.
- The appearance of the difference in length of the limbs.This symptom is in the last stages of the disease, shortening or lengthening the affected limb is associated with a change in the structure of the basin, its deformation.
The above symptoms are common and are in many other diseases, which is why it is necessary to consult a good specialist, with additional research methods for correct differential diagnosis with other similar diseases and a precise diagnosis.
Reasons
As we get older, the human body wears out and there is a gradual slowdown in the work of all systems and organs, metabolism slows down.This applies to the state of the bones, joint bags and cartilage which, under the influence of constant loads, are clarified and deformed over time.The amount of synovial fluid filling the joint cavity is lost, which leads to a decrease in natural damping and the increase in load, followed by the destruction of the articular cartilage.
In addition to the physiological changes, associated with natural changes related to age in the body, other reasons for the occurrence of osteoarthritis of the hip joint include:
- Heavy physical work.
- Heredity (it belongs to joint hip dysplasia).
- Excess weight.Excess body weight increases the load on the musculoskeletal system.
- Hormonal disorders.
- Inflammatory diseases (infectious arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis).
- Post-traumatic osteoarthritis of the hip joint appears 20 to 40% after injuries.
Types and degree of disease
Based on the results of the clinical picture and on the basis of radiological indicators, 4 degrees of disease are distinguished.
The first degree
If the disease is detected at this stage, the treatment is the most effective, the affected joint can be preserved by ensuring the correct treatment scheme, without the need for surgery.But recognizing the disease at this stage is not so simple, because the symptoms that manifest themselves are insignificant and characterized by such symptoms:
- Morning stiffness.
- Pain in the groin.
- Minor and painful pain that occurs during physical effort in the field of hip joints.
- On radiography, in the presence of 1 degree of disease, there is a slight narrowing of the joint gap, unique foci of the hyalin sealing cartilage, bone growth in the swivel zone are possible.
The second degree
The second degree of the disease is manifested by more pronounced symptoms.This step is characterized by:
- The appearance of pain drawn and painful in the joints, not only after physical effort, but also during the effectiveness of minor motor activity.The pain intensifies in the evening and at night.
- During the execution of the motor activity, a change of approach appears.There is a "duck promenade", a person having a long walk, trying to count on a healthy leg, thus protecting the keys affected by the painful joint.
- There is a violation in the movement of the affected hip joint, the difficulty of leaving the affected member.
- The X -ray marks a significant narrowing of the joint difference, as well as bone growth.
The third degree
The clinical picture pronounced manifestations in which there is:
- Intense constant pain with loads and rest.
- Complete loss of the motor activity of the affected joint.
- The appearance of the difference in length of the limbs.The leg with the affected joint becomes shorter than a healthy member.
- The X -ray marks the complete destruction of hyalin cartilage, the growth of large osteophytes, the destruction of the femur.
The fourth degree
Arthrosis of the 4th degree basin is characterized by the complete atrophy of the muscles surrounding the hip articulation of the affected limb.At 4 steps, a complete loss of physical function is also noted.The patient is not able to walk on the painful leg and cannot do without crutches.On the X -ray, there is bone osteocosclerosis, large -scale bone growths and the complete absence of a joint deviation.
The treatment of this step is only possible by an operational way.
Diagnosis
To establish a precise diagnosis and perform a timely treatment, a number of certain studies are necessary.The diagnosis is made in several steps.
- General inspection, collection of the anamnesis of the disease.The doctor clarifies information on the presence of injuries, related illnesses and an existing lifestyle.A properly carried out examination helps to establish a diagnosis correctly, to determine the degree of disease and to eliminate a certain number of diseases which have similar symptoms, such as arthritis, sacrooids.
- In addition to the examination, the attending physician prescribes the necessary laboratory examinations.
- X-ray examination is a compulsory diagnostic point.A study of the two -leg hip joint is carried out, even if the patient complaints apply to a single member.
- Computed tomography is considered an additional research method.Using CT, you can study the nature and degree of femur and joint surface damage.
Osteoarthritis
When suspicious symptoms and pain in the hip joint appear, a person mainly asks the question of which doctor deals with such conditions and how self-medication occurs.
During the first symptoms, it is necessary to ask for help to make a diagnosis and treatment with a rheumatologist, while the treatment of more serious osteoarthritis forms is engaged in an orthopedist.
The treatment depends on the degree of disease and the nature of the manifestation.The treatment regime is selected by a doctor for each patient individually.The basic principles of treatment include events such as:
- Drug treatment.
- Diet.
- Physiotherapy.
- Massage.
- Gymnastics.
- Kineseoteiping (Save the hip seal with special fixes).
- They use the help of rods and crutches to remove the load from the affected joint.
Pharmacotherapy
The treatment of the lesions of the hip joint without fault includes drugs.The sooner you start therapy, the more likely it is to limit the treatment of conservative methods, without the need for surgery.
The drug treatment diagram includes a complex of drugs:
- To relieve pain, as well as reducing the inflammatory process, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used.
- When the liquid is accumulated in the joint cavity, intra-articular injections are used.
- For tissue feeding and improving blood circulation, chondroprotectors are used.
- Use the therapeutic ointments locally, applying to the affected joint area.
Physiotherapeutic procedures
The physiotherapeutic method aims to improve blood supply with affected joints and improve metabolic processes.The physique of osteoarthritis of the hip joint includes:
- Magnetic-laser therapy.It helps reduce pain, improve the mobility of the affected joint.
- Laser treatment.The light laser's action aims to eliminate the inflammatory process, reducing edema, as well as restoration of cartilage.
- Therapy.It includes mud, paraffin therapy, due to the thermal effect on the affected area, blood circulation improves and metabolic processes are standardized.
Each type of physiotherapeutic procedures has a positive effect on the affected joints, but at the same time a certain number of contraindications.It is not allowed to lead physiotherapy during pregnancy, oncology, tuberculosis.
Therapeutic massage and gymnastics
This group of therapeutic measures is an integral part of the complex treatment of coxarthrosis.
The advantages of massage and therapeutic gymnastics:
- Improvement in blood circulation.
- Elimination of muscle spasm.
- Increase in motor activity in the affected joint.
- Reduce pain.
- An increase in diastasa in the joint of the affected joint.
Massage sessions can be carried out at all stages of the disease, but for each step, by maintaining certain conditions.Therapeutic massage is only carried out by a specially trained specialist, each massage session occurs in several stages:
- Rear massage.It is carried out using executive movements with palm trees, helps increase blood circulation and prepare for the next step.
- Lower back manual massage.It consists of caressing, rubbing and kneading the lumbar region.
- Massage of the sacred area and berries.
- Thigh massage.During this stage, the specialist performs pressing and rubbing massage movements, capturing the area of the affected joint.
At the 1 and 2 stages of the disease, it is recommended to carry out a self-massage session, devoting to the process at least 5 minutes per day.
During the self-massage session, the actions sequence is also important, it is necessary to alternately perform the following exercises:
- Massage the back area with your palms, making frames ascending and descending along the spine, then make friction movements with the back of the fists.
- In a standing position, start the buttock massage, making hip frames in the sacrum and the lumbar region.Having finished caressing to start rubbing.
- The last step is the massage of the hip muscles, which is carried out in a sitting position.Alternative frames, friction and kneading are carried out.
Steps 3 and 4 of the disease suggest a massage after surgery, a therapeutic massage lesson is carried out for rapid rehabilitation.
Massage sessions are better alternated with a therapeutic gymnastics course.Gymnastics for osteoarthritis aims to increase blood flow in the hip joint muscles, which contributes to better saturation of the joints with nutrients.
The technique of each author has its own characteristics and a certain number of contraindications, to determine which diagram of gymnastics exercises to join the attending physician.
At home, you can perform a number of simple exercises, such as:
- In the position of sleeping on the back, slowly, alternately lift each leg at an angle of 50 degrees.
- Lying on the back, folding the legs and raising the head of the floor, try to reach your knees.
- In a standing position, remove it and raise your right leg, trying to hold it in this position for a few seconds.
When engaged in gymnastics, it is important not to rush and perform tasks as much as possible, while maintaining an equal and calm breath.Net and inaccurate movements can cause injuries.It is important to remember that only the attending physician can prescribe exercises, depending on the condition of a particular patient.In addition, the exercises must be carried out in the presence of a specialist to control the accuracy of the exercise.
Diet
The diet has an important role in treatment.In the treatment of osteoarthritis, it is recommended to use 1600-1800 kcal per day, distributing the daily volume of 5 to 6 meals.Food must be balanced and rich vitamins and trace elements.Overweight, a well -chosen diet will help reduce the weight, reducing the load on the painful joint.
By observing the right diet, you must take into account the products must be included in the daily menu, and also what should be completely excluded from your diet.
| Recommended: | You have to limit: |
| Jelly | Café Forte |
| Vegetables, fruits | Alcoholic drinks |
| Weight and weak fish varieties | Bakery |
| Milk and dairy products | Salt |
| Green | |
| Legumes | |
| Buckwheat | |
| Nut |
It is necessary to include a sufficient quantity of vegetables and fruits in food, to increase the consumption of dairy products, it is worth paying particular attention to products, rich animal proteins (beef, turkey, chicken, varieties of weak fish).It is recommended to include in the menu jelly, rich in collagen, contributing to the strengthening and restoration of the cartilage tissue of the joints.
Surgery
The treatment of osteoarthritis of the hip joint in the early stages is limited by conservative methods.Often a fairly correct drug treatment scheme and the appointment of auxiliary methods to improve the patient's condition and slow down the progression of the disease.The treatment of 3 and 4 degrees of osteoarthritis in a certain number of cases implies the need for surgery, which consists in operating to replace the joint.
When do you need an operation?
Stages 1 and 2 of osteoarthritis of the hip joint are treated without surgical intervention, at 3 and 4, sooner or later, there is a need for surgery.The operation is offered to the patient when changes in the joint reach the extreme stage with complete destruction of articular cartilage and large -scale growth of bone tissue.
After the operation, during the rehabilitation period, massage and exercise therapy are prescribed for fast food of motor activity.
Traditional medicine
What is the osteoarthritis of the hip joint and how to treat it in detail by the doctor's rheumatologist.After consulting the attending physician and the appointment of the treatment regime, it is recommended, as auxiliary treatment methods, to consider popular drugs.Treatment of osteoarthritis with folk recipes is a good additional method and helps reduce pain, relieve edema, increase joint mobility.
In the treatment of folk remedies, 2 methods are used:
- To take the interior (decoctions, healing herb dyes).
- For local use (ointments, compresses, packaging).
To eliminate the main symptoms of the disease, a saber -based dye is used:
- The saber of the marshes should be mixed with medical alcohol in a 1:10 report and removed for several weeks in a dark place.
- Then boil, filter and use to receive 1 tablespoon.L.3 times a day.
- At night, you can rub the dye directly in the affected joint area, to relieve inflammation and reduce pain.
The compress based on the cabbage leaves has proven itself in the treatment: several cabbage leaves and a barust sheet must be mixed, knead the hands until the juice is formed and attached to the lesion for 30 minutes.This method helps reduce inflammation and pain.
In the treatment of folk remedies, medicinal herbs are actively used, these include: death of St. John's, mint, chamomile, that.To obtain a healing ointment, it is necessary to grind the grass by mixing them with an oil jelly or a baby cream and slowly rub the ointment in the joint immediately after cooking.
All additional treatment methods should only be considered as auxiliary methods that are unable to cure such a disease independently and considered in combination with drug treatment to improve action in the therapeutic procedures complex.
Prevention
For the prevention of the disease, it is recommended to carefully monitor your health, to pay particular attention to the strengthening of immunity, to carry out a healthy lifestyle and to carefully monitor the quality of nutrition.
An important measure in the prevention of osteoarthritis is also the prevention of hypothermia and the restriction of physical effort.People with excess body weight are recommended to observe a diet aimed at reducing weight and preventing load on the musculoskeletal system.
For the general strengthening of immunity, preference is given to hardening and balanced physical effort.
Pregnancy and childbirth
Dylastic arthritis of the hip joint is the congenital pathology of the hip joint, which occurs due to the poor formation of joint tissues during intrauterine development.In most cases, with rapid detection of the disease, this pathology is successfully cured over time, but leaves the risk of developing osteoarthritis of the hip joint in adulthood.
During pregnancy, in the presence of osteoarthritis of the hip joint, the overall load of the affected joint increases, due to an increase in the total body weight, this factor considerably aggravates the course of the disease.In addition to increasing the load due to the growth of body weight, in pregnant women, the consumption of joints worsens and metabolism slows down, this is due to an increase in the costs of the body's own resources to provide everything necessary for the fetus.
A pregnant woman, in the presence of such a disease such as osteoarthritis of the hip joint, is highly recommended to observe certain conditions throughout pregnancy, namely:
- Limiting motor activity, especially in the third trimester of pregnancy, when the load on the sore articulation is maximum.
- Constant observation by the doctor is necessary.
- It is recommended to follow the doctor's recommendations.
- The swimming classes affect the distribution of the load in the body favorably, increase muscle mass in the area of the affected joint and the elimination of tension.
Forecast
With a timely diagnosis of osteoarthritis of the hip joint, the prognosis is favorable.If the disease is detected in the early stages, treatment is provided in a conservative way, the development of the disease slows down and is often completely hardened, if it does not reach 2 degrees at the time of diagnosis.
At 3 and 4 stages of the disease, when executing a surgical operation in a timely manner, the forecast also remains favorable, with the condition of compliance with all the prescriptions recommended by the doctor and the exercise of a constant control of the attending physician.With well -conducted operating actions, the artificial articulation serves for several decades.
Complications
The main and most unfavorable complication is a possible disability.The disability occurs due to the complete loss of the motor activity of the injured joint.With a symmetrical lesion of the two joints, a person loses the ability to move independently, which considerably limits the lifestyle and also creates a risk of emergence of other complications (stagnant pneumonia, pressure pressure).
In order to prevent such serious consequences, it is recommended to start treatment when identifying the first signs, preventing the progression of the disease.